Your Directors take pleasure in presenting the 42nd Annual Report together with the audited financial statements of the Company for the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
Financial Highlights INR in crores
|
Particulars
|
FY 2025 - 26
|
FY 2024 -25
|
|
Total Revenue from Operations
|
3,245.97
|
2,866.02
|
|
Less: Total Expenses
|
1,783.15
|
1,435.43
|
|
Profit before tax
|
1,462.81
|
1,430.59
|
|
Tax expense
|
364.07
|
358.10
|
|
Profit after tax
|
1,098.75
|
1,072.49
|
|
Other comprehensive income
|
7.75
|
(2.90)
|
|
Total comprehensive income
|
1,106.49
|
1,069.59
|
|
Asset under management"
|
13,224.65
|
11,877.04
|
" Loan portfolio on gross basis
Your Company has adopted Indian Accounting Standards (IND AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015.
Industry Outlook
The NBFC sector has remained a pivotal contributor to India's GDP growth, supported by sustained credit traction in various asset classes. After a year of heightened portfolio stress, especially in microfinance and other unsecured loans, the current financial year seems to have shown signs of improvements in disbursements and asset quality, contributing to positive sectoral momentum.
Domestic demand remains the anchor for industry growth, fortified by conducive financial conditions, healthy balance sheets across banks and NBFCs and the government's continued focus on capital expenditure. While geopolitical tensions and global market volatility pose lingering risks, the strong fundamentals of the Indian economy provide the resilience necessary to withstand external shocks. Following a 25bps repo rate cut in December to stimulate consumption, the rate remained unchanged at 5.25% as of March 31, 2026. The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has maintained a 'neutral' stance, retaining the flexibility to respond judiciously to the evolving growth-inflation outlook. The way forward will depend on the continued stability of macroeconomic indicators and the sustained recovery of global trade corridors.
The stress in asset quality experienced by Microfinance and unsecured loan providers right from FY2024-25 has had a cascading effect on secured lending operations especially for Companies providing smaller ticket loans, where the overlap with microfinance is a lot higher. This has caused your Company's asset quality to show some deterioration during the current financial year. Your Company has taken various initiatives across customer sourcing, underwriting, collections, and risk management to ensure relatively lesser impact on asset quality and credit costs. Despite facing one of the most challenging years, your Company has been able to achieve 11% portfolio growth and 2% growth in PAT. The increase in GNPA and credit cost was also moderate and early indicators are already showing good improvement which should augur well for a good performance in the forthcoming financial year.
State of the Company's Affairs/Overview Company Overview
The Company was incorporated on May 7, 1984. Your Company is a non-deposit taking Non-Banking Finance Company (NBFC) registered with the Reserve Bank of India and is a NBFC - Investment and Credit Company (NBFC-ICC). Your Company has been classified as a NBFC in Middle Layer per Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies - Registration, Exemptions and Framework for Scale Based Regulation) Directions, 2025. The Company operates in ten states and one union territory and is into the business of providing secured loans for business & other purposes.
Your Company has been listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited and BSE Limited since November 21, 2022.
Review of Operations
Your Company remains dedicated to providing secured financial solutions to small business owners and self-employed individuals who typically operate outside formal credit channels. To bridge this gap, your Company utilizes a proprietary underwriting model that rigorously assesses borrower cash flows, supported by robust recovery mechanisms.
The risk-based pricing model implemented by your Company ensures that interest rates are aligned with customer profiles, credit bureau analytics and market demand. Building on an established presence in non-business lending - including education, emergency and housing needs -your Company strategically entered into pure housing loan products during FY 2026, expanding the credit products for both the existing base and prospective customers.
The financial year was characterized by specific headwinds stemming from the borrower overleverage crisis, that hit microfinance and unsecured loans in FY2025, and the cascading effect was felt by your Company in FY2026. This had an impact on collection efficiency, asset quality and credit cost. Consequently, your Company adopted a prudent approach, recalibrating its growth outlook to prioritize asset quality. Enhanced collection support and the strengthening of the legal and recovery verticals have ensured relatively less impact, leading to 11% AUM growth and 2% PAT growth for FY2026.
The detailed financial and operational performance of your Company is comprehensively discussed in the Management Discussion and Analysis Report, which forms part of this Annual Report.
Operational Metrics Disbursements
During the financial year ended March 31, 2026, your Company disbursed INR 4,675.73 crores as compared to INR 4,969.66 crores in the previous financial year. This planned year-on-year moderation reflects a conscious decision to focus on collections and portfolio quality amidst sectoral stress. Your Company is fundamentally a collections-first Company, which reflected in a pullback of disbursements during FY2026. Your Company is also confident that, with improvement being witnessed in collections and asset
quality, we would be able to accelerate on disbursements and portfolio growth during the forthcoming financial year.
Branch Metrics
Your Company operates across 10 states and 1 union territory, namely Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat. During the financial year ended March 31, 2026, your Company expanded its branch network to 844 branches, up from 748 branches in the previous year. During the year, the Company also closed/merged 3 branches.
Your Company's branch expansion approach works with twin objectives -
• Firstly, your Company adopted the “Split branch” strategy to ensure prudent risk management which ensures that branches that cross a certain size are split into multiple branches with a view to maintaining an optimal AUM / number of accounts per branch and also be close to the customer which also augurs well from the perspectives of customer service and risk management. Under this approach, a set of accounts are transferred from the existing to the new branch thereby ensuring that the new branch does not start from scratch and there is also space that is made available to the existing branches to enhance their AUM. Typically, a branch takes anywhere between 6-9 months to breakeven / start contributing to the P&L. If viewed against this background, about 95% of the branches opened between July 2024 and June 2025 i.e. branches that had crossed a vintage of 6 months as of March 2026 are profitable, not just on a standalone basis but even after allocation of common overheads.
• Secondly, your Company also put in fresh branches in newer areas both in entrenched and growing geographies keeping growth prospects in mind. By penetrating into newer areas, the business potential automatically gets enhanced.
To support future growth, your Company has strengthened its workforce in addition to enhancement of the branch network, ensuring a well-equipped team to meet rising demand.
Your Company follows a well-defined branch expansion strategy, carefully evaluating various risk parameters before establishing new locations.
The branch network details as of March 31, 2026, along with a comparative analysis of the previous financial year, are provided below:
|
States
|
No. of Branches
March 31, 2026 March 31, 2025
|
|
Tamil Nadu (including Pondicherry)
|
211
|
206
|
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
|
276
|
234
|
|
Telangana
|
|
120
|
115
|
|
Karnataka
|
|
62
|
59
|
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
|
111
|
94
|
|
Maharashtra
|
|
40
|
25
|
|
Chhattisgarh
|
|
3
|
3
|
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
|
12
|
6
|
|
Rajasthan
|
|
5
|
5
|
|
Gujarat
|
|
4
|
1
|
|
Total
|
|
844
|
748
|
Financial Metrics
As on March 31, 2026, Assets Under Management (AUM) stood at INR 13,224.65 Crores, reflecting a growth of 11 %. Your Company continues to maintain a robust capital position, with a Net Worth
of INR 7,380.15 Crores. Profit After Tax (PAT) improved on a year-on- year basis and the Company remains focused on optimising the cost-to-income ratio, which stood at 41.82%. The average ticket size of loans has trended higher, increasing from INR 3.58 Lakhs to 3.93 Lakhs.
Asset Quality
Since inception, asset quality and collection efficiency have been the primary pillars of our growth strategy. This year, the industry¬ wide effects of overleveraging and the cascading impact on secured loans presented certain challenges to asset quality. To ensure minimal impact from this stress, your Company resorted to certain actions which have kept the impact relatively low. These actions have also been resulting in gradual improvement, and we are confident of continuing to see improvement in portfolio quality in the coming financial year. For the period ended March 31, 2026, your Company reported Gross Stage 3 Assets and Net Stage 3 Assets of 3.37% and 2.00% respectively, as compared to previous year's levels of 1.79% and 0.88%. While there has been an increase in GNPA and NNPA, the impact would seem fairly moderate especially if viewed in the context of the challenges that were faced by your Company during the current financial year.
Prospects
The Indian credit market continues to offer substantial growth prospects, particularly within the segment of micro-entrepreneurs and self-employed individuals who remain underserved by formal financial institutions. The Company observes increasing competition in the small to medium ticket property loans segment as more players recognise its inherent potential. To navigate this competitive landscape and mitigate market risks, your Company is continuously identifying innovative solutions and diversified product profiles to cater to evolving borrower needs. Management remains dedicated to executing strategic initiatives that sustain growth momentum and profitability, thereby reinforcing stakeholders' confidence and long-term value creation.
Resource Mobilization
Your Company maintains a resilient and well-diversified borrowing profile, leveraging multiple sources including capital markets, domestic and international financial institutions and banks.
At the shareholders' meeting held on September 9, 2025, a special resolution under Section 180(1)(c) of the Companies Act, 2013, was passed, authorizing the Board of Directors to raise borrowings exceeding the aggregate of paid-up share capital and free reserves and securities premium, up to INR 12,000 Crores.
As of March 31, 2026, your Company's total outstanding borrowings stood at INR 8,200.43 crores.
Your Company continues to adhere to a prudent Asset-Liability Management (ALM) strategy, to optimise funding costs while maintaining a comfortable liquidity cushion.
New lenders and developments during the Financial Year 2025-26: Total Borrowings and Term loan composition: During the financial year, your Company raised fresh borrowings aggregating to INR 2,906.33 Crores, including fresh term loans from banks and financial institutions amounting to INR 1,810 Crores. As of March 31, 2026, total outstanding borrowings stood at INR 8,200.43 Crores,
with the weighted average tenure of fresh loans raised during the year of 63 months.
During the year, your Company further strengthened its liability profile by onboarding new lenders including the Asian Development Bank and Kookmin Bank, ensuring a stable foundation for forthcoming growth. Also of equal if not more importance has been the reduction in cost of incremental debt that was achieved by your Company during the current financial. As against a cost of incremental debt of 9.46% for the incremental borrowings raised in FY2024-25, the incremental borrowings for the current financial were onboarded at an all-inclusive pricing of 8.50%, a drop of 96 bps.
Securitization: Your Company actively utilised the Securitization (PTC) market to enhance liquidity and mitigate asset-liability mismatches.
During the year, your Company securitized receivables worth INR 748.12 Crores, realizing a sale consideration of INR 643.00 Crores. All securitization transactions complied with the RBI guidelines on the Securitization of Standard Assets and were accounted for in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS).
Debentures: Your Company has not issued any fresh debentures during financial year 2026.
Commercial Paper (CP)
Your Company did not issue any Commercial Papers or other short¬ term instruments during the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
The borrowing mix as on March 31, 2026 stood as follows:
|
Lender Category
|
%
|
|
Banks
|
53%
|
|
NBFCs
|
5%
|
|
DFIs / Others
|
10%
|
|
NCD
|
10%
|
|
Securitisation
|
17%
|
|
ECB
|
6%
|
Statutory and Regulatory Compliances
Your Company remains committed to full compliance with all applicable regulatory provisions, including those set forth by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, Companies Act, 2013, Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), 1999, Income Tax Act, 1961 and the rules and regulations framed thereunder.
Additionally, your Company has adhered to the applicable provisions of Secretarial Standards issued by the Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) for Board and General meetings held during the FY 2025-26.
Credit Rating
During the financial year, your Company's credit ratings were reaffirmed at AA- (Double A Minus) with Stable outlook by ICRA, and AA- (Double A Minus) with positive outlook by CARE Ratings Limited and India Ratings & Research (Fitch Group).
As of March 31, 2026, your Company's borrowings hold the following ratings:
|
Rating Agency
|
Instrument
|
Rating
|
|
ICRA
|
Bank Facilities
Non-Convertible Debentures Securitization
|
ICRA AA- (Stable)
ICRA AA- (Stable)
ICRA AAA (SO) / AA (SO) / AA (SO)
|
|
India Ratings & Research
|
Bank Facilities
Non-Convertible Debentures
|
IND AA-/Positive IND AA-/Positive
|
|
CARE
|
Long term Bank Facilities Long term/Short term Bank facilities Commercial Paper Securitization
|
CARE AA-; Positive
CARE AA-; Positive / CARE A1
CARE A1
CARE AAA (SO)
|
Change in Nature of Business
There has been no change in the existing nature of business of your Company during the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
Dividend
The Board of Directors at its meeting held on April 28, 2026 has recommended a final dividend of INR 2/- per equity share (200% of face value of INR 1/- per equity share and translating to a dividend payout ratio of 5.4%) for the financial year ended March 31, 2026 to the shareholders of the Company for approval at the ensuing 42nd Annual General Meeting.
Dividend Distribution Policy
Your Company has adopted a Dividend Distribution Policy, which provides a structured approach for determining dividend
payouts. The policy considers various internal and external factors, including financial performance, growth strategy, regulatory requirements and prevailing market conditions as evaluated by the Board of Directors. The policy is available on our website at https://fivestargroup.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Dividend- Distribution-Policy-April-28-2026.pdf
Transfer to Reserves
In compliance with the requirements under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, your Company has transferred a sum of INR 219.75 Crores to the statutory reserves during the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
Deposits
Your Company operates as a non-deposit taking entity and has not accepted any public deposits during the financial year ended March 31, 2026, in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements.
Capital Adequacy Ratio
As of March 31, 2026, your Company's Capital Adequacy Ratio stood at 51.89%, significantly exceeding the regulatory threshold of 15% mandated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
Your Company's Internal Capital Adequacy and Assessment Process (ICAAP) confirms that the Company remains well capitalized to support its business objectives and risk profile.
Share Capital Authorised Capital
During the year under review, there was no change in the Authorised Share Capital of the Company. The Company has only one class of equity shares and the authorised share capital of the Company as on March 31, 2026, was INR 55,00,00,000 divided into 55,00,00,000 equity shares of INR 1 each.
Issued, Subscribed and Paid-up Share Capital
During the financial year under review, your Company has allotted 4,38,178 fully paid-up equity shares under various ASOP schemes. 15,918 fully paid -up equity shares under Five-Star Associate Stock Option Scheme 2015 and 4,22,260 fully paid -up equity shares under Five-Star Associate Stock Option Scheme 2018 were allotted during the financial year under review.
During the financial year under review, 3,10,000 share warrants were converted into 3,10,000 fully paid-up equity shares upon exercise of conversion rights by Mr. Lakshmipathy Deenadayalan, Chairman & Managing Director, and Mr. Srikanth Gopalakrishnan, Joint Managing Director & CFO, in accordance with the terms of issue. The equity shares so allotted rank pari passu with the existing equity shares of the Company.
The issued, paid up and subscribed capital as on March 31, 2026 stood at INR 29,51,75,278 consisting of 29,51,75,278 equity shares having a face value of INR 1.00 each.
Subsidiaries, Joint Ventures, Associate Companies
Your Company does not have any Subsidiary/Associate/ Joint Venture Company. Also, during the financial year, your Company has not formed/incorporated/become/ceased to be a Subsidiary/ Associate/Joint Venture Company.
Related Party Transactions
Your Company has in place a policy on related party transactions, as approved by the Board, which is available on the website of the Company at
https://fivestargroup.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Related- Party-Transactions-Policy-April-28-2026.pdf
In alignment with the Company's Policy on Related Party Transactions, during the year under review, all related party transactions were entered into at arm's length and in the ordinary course of business. There were no materially significant transactions with Promoters, Directors, Key Managerial Personnel (KMP) or other designated persons that posed a potential conflict of interest with the Company.
Further, no contracts or arrangements were entered into with related parties that require disclosure in Form AOC - 2 under Section 188 (1) and 134 (3) (b) of the Companies Act, 2013.
All transactions received prior approval from the Audit Committee and were subject to subsequent quarterly reviews to ensure continued adherence to the policy.
Employee Stock Option Schemes
Your Company has adopted ASOP schemes in compliance with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share Based Employee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations, 2021 (SEBI (SBEB) Regulations) and the Companies Act, 2013.
Currently, your Company has formulated following ASOP schemes:
1. Five-Star Associate Stock Option Scheme 2015 (ASOP 2015)
2. Five-Star Associate Stock Option Scheme 2018 (ASOP 2018) and
3. Five Star Associate Stock Option Scheme 2023 (ASOP 2023)
Approval and Implementation
• ASOP 2015 : Approved by the Board of Directors on September 18, 2015 and by the shareholders at the Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) on April 12, 2016 and later ratified in the Annual General Meeting held on September 16, 2023.
• ASOP 2018: Approved by the Board of Directors on February 28, 2018 and by the shareholders at the Extraordinary General Meeting held on March 26, 2018. It was subsequently ratified at the Annual General Meeting held on September 16, 2023.
• ASOP 2023: Approved by the Board of Directors on August 16, 2023 and by the shareholders at the Annual General Meeting held on September 16, 2023.
There have been no material changes to these schemes during the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
A certificate from secretarial auditor M/s Sandeep & Associates, Practicing Company Secretaries confirming the implementation of ASOP schemes in accordance with SEBI (SBEB) Regulations and shareholders resolutions, will be placed before the shareholders at the Annual General Meeting, and will be available for inspection of shareholders at the ensuing annual general meeting
In compliance with Regulation 14 of SEBI (SBEB) Regulations, disclosures regarding ASOP 2015, ASOP 2018 and ASOP 2023 have been provided on the website of the Company at https://fivestargroup.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/ESOP- Disclosure-2026.pdf
Annual Return
The Annual Return in form MGT 7 referred to in Section 134(3)(a) and Section 92(3) of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Companies (Management and Administration) Rules, 2014 and Regulation 62(1) (K) of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015 is available on the website of the Company at https://fivestargroup.in/annual-reports-returns/
Particulars of Loans, Guarantees or Investments
The Company being an NBFC, the disclosures regarding particulars of loans given, guarantees given and security provided is exempted under Section 186(11) of the Companies Act, 2013. With regard to Investments made by the Company, the details are provided in note no. 7 of the financial statements.
Material Changes Affecting the Financial Position of the Company
There are no material changes and commitments having an adverse bearing on the financial position of the Company between March 31, 2026, and the date of this report.
Information as per Section 134(3)(m) of the Companies Act, 2013
While the Company's operations as a financial institution do not involve manufacturing or high-energy consumption, your Company remains committed to resource conservation and environmental responsibility. Your Company continually leverages technology to digitize the workflows, thereby reducing carbon footprint. During the financial year, the Company incurred a foreign currency expenditure of INR 14.40 Crores primarily relating to IT Licensing fees and interest outflow on account of external commercial borrowings availed by the Company. There are no foreign exchange earnings during the financial year.
Information as per clauses (xi) and (xii) of Rule 8(5) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014
There was no application made or any proceeding pending under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 during the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
The Company has not entered into any one-time settlement with its lenders during the financial year ended March 31, 2026, and therefore the requirements of clause (xii) of Rule 8(5) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 are not applicable.
Significant and Material Orders passed by the Regulators or Courts or Tribunals
There are no significant and material orders passed by the Regulators or Courts or Tribunals impacting the going concern status of your Company's and its future operations.
Agreements binding on listed entities
There are no agreements between shareholders, promoters, related parties, Directors, or employees, either amongst themselves or with the Company, impacting management control, restrictions or liabilities that require disclosure to Stock Exchanges. This includes agreements with the listed entity, holding companies, subsidiaries, or associates.
Risk Management
Your Company has established a comprehensive Risk Management Framework designed to identify, assess, and mitigate risks associated with its operations. This framework is supported by a Risk Management Policy, which outlines the governance structure, risk classification, mitigation strategies, and the role of the Chief Risk Officer (CRO) in overseeing risk-related functions.
The Risk Management Committee (RMC) is responsible for monitoring and reviewing the Company's risk management initiatives. In compliance with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Master Directions and SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015, the RMC regularly evaluates key risks and ensures the effective implementation of risk-mitigation strategies.
The adequacy of internal financial controls concerning financial statements has been assessed, and details are provided in the Management Discussion and Analysis section of this Report.
Risk Management Approach
Your Company acknowledges that a well-defined risk management approach is essential for sustainable growth. Accordingly, robust policies, systems, and processes have been implemented to manage various risk categories, including credit risk, operational risk, market risk (interest rate and liquidity), and reputational risk. The MDA also contains details of the Company's risk management framework, including the development and implementation of risk management policy and the key risks faced by the Company.
Key Risk Mitigation Measures Credit Risk Management:
• A multi-layered underwriting process that includes comprehensive credit bureau checks, field investigations and adherence to the “3 Cs” framework-verification of Character, Cash Flow and Collateral, before the sanction of a loan.
• Stringent verification procedures, prudent loan-to-value (LTV) ratios and a conservative debt service capacity analysis to ensure borrower creditworthiness.
• Legal due diligence and robust documentation to safeguard lending practices.
• Loans are provided to the household as against to an individual, which ensures collective decision making and avoid potential conflicts which may lead to asset quality issues.
• Your Company resorts to the registered mortgage on the security rather than an equitable mortgage. This helps evidence your Company's charge on the property and avoids multiple charges on the same property.
Risk Oversight & Governance:
The Company has strong multi layered risk oversight and governance
1. Risk Management Committee
The Risk Management Committee (RMC) ensures continuous monitoring of credit risk, portfolio performance and operational risks, providing strategic direction to mitigate potential threats. Risk Management Committee is Chaired by Mr. TT Srinivasaraghavan, Independent Director.
A dedicated Chief Risk Officer (CRO) oversees risk identification, measurement, and control, ensuring timely risk reporting to the RMC, Board and the management.
2. Audit Committee
The Audit Committee being the most important constituent of “those charged with Governance (TCWG)” meticulously reviews the financial reporting and also ensures that necessary internal controls are in place to ensure proper accounting of transactions. The Chairperson of the Audit Committee engages with the Statutory Auditors, Internal Auditors (both EIA and IIA) to discuss key aspects of the financials thus bringing a clear focus and oversight over financial reporting and updates the Board on the same. While the entire Board qualifies as “those charged with governance”, the Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing and recommending the financial results to the Board for its approval and hence the Board has authorised the Audit Committee to engage in a two¬ way communication with Auditors on any information relevant to the audit to fulfil the responsibility for oversight of the financial reporting. The Audit Committee is chaired by Mr. Anand Raghavan, Independent Director
3. IT Strategy Committee
The IT Strategy Committee is a key pillar of the Company's governance framework, providing strategic oversight of technology to support business growth, operational resilience, risk management, and regulatory compliance. The Committee periodically reviews the IT strategy and roadmap, IT governance, technology investments, key IT projects, cybersecurity and information security, business continuity and disaster recovery, IT operations and infrastructure, emerging technologies including Artificial Intelligence, technology architecture, IT policies, and the implementation of applicable RBI Information Technology Directions. The Committee is chaired by Mr. Ramkumar Ramamoorthy, Independent Director.
4. Other Pillars of Governance
The other pillars of governance includes various sub-committees of the Board including the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, Stakeholders Relationship Committee, functional departments like Finance, Internal Audit, Compliance, Risk Management and Customer Grievance departments as these play a pivotal role in strengthening the governance framework. Each of these pillars provides a periodic update to the Board on progress in respective areas like employee compensation and welfare, risk management, shareholder grievances, financial reporting, policy compliance, timely adherence to customer grievances and customer satisfaction and compliance with applicable laws etc.
Market & Liquidity Risk Management
The Asset Liability Committee (ALCO) actively manages liquidity risk and interest rate exposures to maintain financial stability.
A well-diversified funding strategy ensures optimal liquidity planning.
Fraud Risk Management:
In accordance with RBI Master Directions, a Committee of Executives for monitoring and follow up of fraud cases (Fraud Risk Management Committee) has been constituted to proactively identify, monitor, and mitigate fraud risks by reviewing early warning signals and strengthening preventive mechanisms.
Your Company remains committed to enhancing its risk management framework to adapt to evolving business dynamics and regulatory landscapes. A continuous review mechanism ensures that risks are effectively mitigated while maintaining a resilient operational model
Human Resource Development
The employees of the Company are the cornerstone of your Company's success. As of March 31, 2026, your Company had a
strength of 14,159 dedicated employees. Your Company remains committed to attracting and retaining top talent through competitive compensation, structured career progression and a culture of continuous learning. Detailed analysis of Human Resources including various sub-functions carried out by the department is discussed under Management Discussion and Analysis.
During the year under review, your Company had launched an Employee Learning Platform to provide specialized training across various functional areas, including but not limited to risk assessment, regulatory compliance and leadership ensuring the team is well-equipped to drive the Company's growth trajectory.
Board of Directors
Your Company maintains a well-balanced and diverse Board in compliance with Section 149 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Regulation 17 of SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015. The Board comprises an optimal mix of executive, non-executive and Independent Directors, including Woman Independent Director, ensuring a broad spectrum of expertise, strategic insight, and corporate governance best practices.
The Board members bring extensive industry experience, leadership acumen and a commitment to upholding the highest standards of integrity and governance. Their collective expertise spans diverse domains, enabling well-informed decision-making that aligns with the Company's long-term vision and stakeholder interests.
To facilitate seamless participation, the Company provides video conferencing and other audio-visual means for Board meetings, in accordance with Section 173(2) of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Meetings of Board and its Powers) Rules, 2014. This ensures that Directors can actively contribute to discussions and deliberations, even when unable to attend meetings in person.
Your Company remains committed to fostering an engaged, forward-thinking and highly effective Board that drives sustainable growth and governance excellence.
The Board of Directors comprises 8 (eight) Directors, including 5 (five) Independent Directors (two of whom are woman), [1 (one)] Non-Executive Director, and 2 (two) Executive Directors (Chairman & Managing Director and Joint Managing Director & CFO), as of March 31, 2026. Details on the Board composition are provided below:
|
Name of the Director
|
Designation
|
DIN
|
|
Lakshmipathy Deenadayalan
|
Chairman & Managing Director
|
01723269
|
|
Anand Raghavan
|
Independent Director
|
00243485
|
|
T T Srinivasaraghavan
|
Independent Director
|
00018247
|
|
Bhama Krishnamurthy*
|
Independent Director
|
02196839
|
|
Ramkumar Ramamoorthy
|
Independent Director
|
07936844
|
|
Rajeshwari Shankar
|
Independent Director
|
01573029
|
|
Thirulokchand Vasan
|
Non-Executive Director
|
07679930
|
|
Srikanth Gopalakrishnan
|
Joint Managing Director & CFO
|
10636810
|
*The 10-year term of Ms. Bhama Krishnamurthy has ended on April 11,2026
Detailed profile of the Directors and their Directorships in other Companies is hosted on the website of the Company.
Changes in the Composition of Board during the Financial Year
The following changes took place in the composition of the Board of Directors during the Financial Year 2025-26 under review:
New Appointments
During the year under review, based on the recommendation of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, the Board of Directors at its meeting held on January 28, 2026 approved the appointment of Ms. Rajeshwari Shankar (DIN:01573029) as an Additional Director, designated as a Non-Executive Independent Director, for a term of five consecutive years from February 2, 2026 to February 1, 2031 (both days inclusive), and the re-appointment of Mr. Srinivasaraghavan Thiruvallur Thattai (DIN: 00018247) as a Non-Executive Independent Director for a second term of five consecutive years from August 25, 2026 to August 24, 2031 (both days inclusive), subject to the approval of the Members.
The aforesaid approvals were subsequently obtained from the Members by way of special resolutions passed through postal ballot on March 21, 2026, pursuant to which Ms. Rajeshwari Shankar was regularised as a Non-Executive Independent Director of the Company and Mr. Srinivasaraghavan Thiruvallur Thattai was re¬ appointed for a second term as a Non-Executive Independent Director. The special resolution for re-appointment has been obtained in compliance with Section 149(10) of the Companies Act 2013 and Regulation 17(1A) and Regulation 25 of SEBI LODR Regulations
Resignations
During the financial year under review, Mr. Rangarajan Krishnan (DIN: 07289972), who served as the Joint Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, tendered his resignation from his position w.e.f August 14, 2025.
Changes in the Board after the Financial Year:
Ms. Bhama Krishnamurthy (DIN: 02196839) has completed her second term of five consecutive years as an Independent Director and ceased to be an Independent Director of the Company with effect from the close of business hours on April 11, 2026
Director Retiring by Rotation
In accordance with Section 152(6) of the Companies Act, 2013 and the Articles of Association of the Company, at least one-third of the Directors, excluding Independent Directors, are required to retire by rotation at every Annual General Meeting (AGM).
Pursuant to said provision, Mr Thirulokchand Vasan (DIN: 07679930) is liable to retire at the 42nd Annual General Meeting (AGM) and being eligible, has offered himself for reappointment. The Board recommends his reappointment for the approval of the shareholders.
Key Managerial Personnel
During the financial year under review, Mr. Rangarajan Krishnan, Joint Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (DIN: 07289972), resigned from the services of the Company. As in the past financial years, Mr. Lakshmipathy Deenadayalan, Managing Director, continues to spearhead the business and operations of the Company.
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 203 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the rules made thereunder, the following are the Whole-time Key Managerial Personnel of the Company as on March 31, 2026:
a) Mr. Lakshmipathy Deenadayalan, Chairman and Managing Director (DIN: 01723269)
b) Mr. Srikanth Gopalakrishnan, Joint Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer (DIN: 10636810)
c) Mr. Vigneshkumar S M, Company Secretary and Compliance Officer.
There have been no changes in the Key Managerial Personnel of the Company between the end of the financial year and the date of this report.
Declaration from Independent Directors
Pursuant to Section 149(7) of the Companies Act, 2013 read along with Rule 6 of the Companies (Appointment and Qualifications of Directors) Rules, 2014 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Regulation 25(8) of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, the Company has received necessary declarations/ disclosures from each of the Independent Directors of the Company stating that he/she meets the criteria of independence as required under Section 149(6) of the Companies Act, 2013 and that he/she has a valid certificate of registration for his/her enrollment into the data bank for Independent Directors.
In the opinion of the Board of Directors, the Independent Directors of your Company satisfy the necessary attributes as to integrity, experience (including proficiency) and high levels of skill and expertise.
Compliance with Secretarial Standards
During the Financial year under review, the Company has complied with all applicable Secretarial Standards issued by The Institute of Company Secretaries of India and adopted under the Act.
Formal Annual Evaluation
In compliance with the Companies Act, 2013, SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015 and the Company's Directors Appointment, Remuneration and Evaluation Policy, the Board carried out a formal annual evaluation of its own performance as well as the performance of individual Directors, including the Chairman and its various Committees.
This structured assessment was carried out based on the predefined evaluation criteria set forth in the Directors Appointment, Remuneration and Evaluation Policy. The said policy is available on the website of the Company at https://fivestargroup.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/ Appointment-Remuneration-Evaluation-Policy-April-28-2026-1.pdf
Additionally, the performance evaluation of Independent Directors was carried out by the entire Board. The Independent Directors in a separate meeting held during the year, reviewed the performance of Non- Independent Directors (including Chairman) and assessed the overall effectiveness of the Board. Key areas of evaluation included the quality, timelines and adequacy of information exchange between Management and the Board. The performance evaluation was carried out through Independent external agency
as per the criteria laid and the same is reviewed by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee and the Board. The evaluation process was conducted through a secure digital platform, ensuring transparency and confidentiality.
Internal Financial Controls
Your Company maintains a comprehensive Internal Financial Control (IFC) framework , supported by well-defined policies and processes to uphold the highest standards of integrity, transparency and corporate governance. These controls are designed to :
• Facilitate efficient business operations and policy compliance.
• Safeguard corporate assets against misuse or unauthorized access.
• Prevent and detect fraud and Financial irregularities.
• Ensure accurate and complete financial records.
• Ensure timely preparation of reliable financial information.
To strengthen its control environment, the Company has established clear delegations of authority, standard operating procedures (SOPs) and risk control matrices. These measures are regularly reviewed at multiple levels. Independent testing of control measures is conducted periodically to ensure continued compliance with regulatory and operational requirements.
An independent consulting firm provides ongoing support in updating risk control metrics, test plans and independent assessment procedures. The findings and recommendations from these evaluations are periodically presented to the Audit Committee for review and necessary action.
Additionally, the Company has built a robust Internal Audit mechanism, with regular audits conducted by both in- house Internal Audit team and External Internal Auditors. The Audit Committee closely monitors financial controls, risk management, compliance and operational procedures, reviews audit findings and ensures implementation of corrective actions wherever necessary.
Auditors & Auditor's report Statutory Auditors
In compliance with the Reserve Bank of India's Guidelines on appointment of Statutory Auditors for Non-Banking Financial Companies vide Circular RBI/2021 -22/25 Ref. No. DoS.CD.ARG/ SEC.01/08.91.001/2021-22 dated April 27, 2021, and pursuant to the provisions of Section 139 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, the Members at the Annual General Meeting held on September 13, 2024 approved the appointment of M/s Deloitte Haskins & Sells, Chartered Accountants (Firm Registration No. 008072S), as the Statutory Auditors of the Company for a term of three consecutive financial years, i.e., from FY 2024-25 to FY 2026-27, to hold office from the conclusion of the 40th Annual General Meeting till the conclusion of the 43rd Annual General Meeting.
Statutory Auditors Report on Financial Statements
The statutory audit report is annexed with the financial statements and forms a part of this report. The report indicates a clean audit with no qualifications, reservations, adverse remarks, or disclaimers.
Fraud Reported by Auditors
There were no instances of frauds reported by the Statutory Auditors during the financial year ended March 31, 2026 under Section 143(12) of the Companies Act, 2013.
Internal Auditor
To ensure the effectiveness of internal control systems, your Company maintains a robust internal audit system, combining an external audit firm viz. M/s Sundaram & Srinivasan, Chartered Accountants with an in-house internal audit team. This comprehensive approach ensures thorough review of all operations of the Company regularly. The audit teams regularly assess the adequacy of control measures and recommend improvements as needed. The Audit Committee oversees the internal audit functions, scope of internal audit and reviews its effectiveness.
Secretarial Auditor
M/s S. Sandeep & Associates, Practicing Company Secretaries, have been appointed to conduct the secretarial audit of the Company for the financial years from FY 2025-26 to FY 2029-30, in accordance with the provisions of Section 204 of the Companies Act, 2013, the rules made thereunder, and Regulation 24A of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015.
The Secretarial Audit Report for the financial year ended March 31, 2026, is annexed herewith as Annexure A and does not contain any qualifications, reservations, or adverse remarks.
Cost Records and Cost Audit
The provisions for maintaining cost records and undergoing a cost audit, as per Section 148(1) of the Companies Act, 2013 are not applicable to your Company's business activities.
Information Technology
Technology is central to our business strategy, driving effectiveness, efficiency and innovation across the entire loan lifecycle-from underwriting to collections. Your Company has implemented a robust IT framework that supports seamless business processes across all functions-from sourcing, underwriting, loan approvals, disbursements, collections and back-office operations, providing a unique experience to all stakeholders along with high levels of security and privacy. Your Company uses a robust Loan Origination System that integrates with banks, bureaus, account aggregators, and data providers to streamline loan processing. This is complemented by a secure API ecosystem wherein multiple, high-security API integrations have been made that automate the capture of high-fidelity data across all touchpoints. All these reside on a resilient, secure, and highly scalable cloud infrastructure that has been designed for 24/7 availability.
The entire journey from lead login to disbursement is fully digitized eliminating manual friction. Real-time connectivity with Credit Bureaus, Account Aggregators, Banks, and third-party data providers facilitate instant verification.
Your Company has made significant progress leveraging data and analytics, and a data lake that powers advanced machine learning (ML) models to deliver precise predictive behaviour and risk scoring has been developed by your Company. Your Company
has also developed proprietary ML models tailored for Credit Risk Scoring to augment the underwriting process. On the collections front, partner assisted models for Bounce Prediction Analytics have been developed to leverage technology for automated collections and support field collection officers to improve efficiency and productivity.
With AI becoming the new business enabler / disruptor, your Company has also been making strong progress on the AI front by reviewing the architecture, governance, risk and accountability parameters. Your Company has taken a number of initiatives, including the following:
• Intelligent Document Processing through GenAI-driven extraction to automate data capture and improve data quality and accuracy.
• GenAI-enabled bots have been deployed in local languages for automated collections
• Your Company is also working with specialized product platforms to convert voice conversations with customers and field staff, in local languages, into actionable data.
On IT infrastructure, the IT Strategy Committee oversees IT governance, cybersecurity and business continuity to ensure a secure and scalable technological environment. Your Company has also employed a Security Operations Centre providing 24X7 surveillance across the entire digital perimeter. This includes continuous monitoring of cloud environments to prevent unauthorized access or misconfigurations, real-time threat detection and mitigation at the network and application layers to safeguard against zero-day vulnerabilities. Given the heterogenous footprint of technologies and IT systems as well as integration of systems with external partners, the IT Strategy Committee periodically reviews the enterprise architecture for dependencies and interoperability and reviews the regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing to identify and minimize any internal or external threats. An independent information systems audit was also conducted during the year, the findings of which are elaborately discussed, and actions are taken within defined timelines.
The company engaged a Big 4 audit firm to conduct a comprehensive DPDPA Gap Assessment evaluating our organizational readiness and baseline data processing workflows, which was completed in December 2025. Following this, a prioritized Compliance Plan was formulated outlining the roadmap to achieve full compliance as a Data Fiduciary. Initial compliance plan activities including drafting foundational policies, updating Data Processing Addendums (DPAs) for third-party vendors, executing cross-functional data inventory exercises, and mapping data collection touchpoints for the Record of Processing Activities (ROPA) have all been completed.
Technical architecture standardization for the DPDPA platform is complete, and solutioning is in progress. The formal appointment of the Data Protection Officer (DPO) will follow in the next phase. All remaining milestones are planned for completion before the mandated May 2027 timeline.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Your Company is committed to fulfilling its social responsibility obligations. Your Company has adopted a CSR Policy as
mandated by the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014. The policy is available on the on the website of the Company at https://fivestargroup.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Corporate- Social-Responsibility-Policy.pdf
As per aforesaid provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, your Company was required to spend INR 22.34 crores towards CSR initiatives, representing 2% of the average net profits of the Company from the past three financial years. Your Company contributed INR 17.90 crores towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) during the financial year ended March 31, 2026. Balance amount of INR 4.44 crores have been transferred to unspent corporate social responsibility account towards ongoing projects for the financial year 2025-26. Details of the various CSR programme/projects approved during financial year 2025-26 is available on the website of the Company in Corporate Social Responsibility section.
Pursuant to Section 135 of the Companies Act 2013, the Company has engaged M/s Chrysalis Services Private Limited to conduct an Impact Assessment on applicable CSR projects. The impact assessment report is displayed on the website of the Company in Corporate Social Responsibility section.
The Annual Report on CSR activities for the financial year ended March 31, 2026, is attached as Annexure B to this Report.
Nomination and Remuneration Policy:
The Company has in place the Appointment, Remuneration & Evaluation Policy that is recommended by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee and approved by the Board. The salient features of the policy include a) role of Nomination and Remuneration Committee b) Appointment and removal of Director, Key Managerial Personnel and Senior Management c) Remuneration of Executive/Non-Executive Directors and Key Managerial Personnels and Senior Management d) Principles of pay structures and e) malus and claw back provisions. The policy is being reviewed and approved by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee and the Board of Directors annually. The policy is available on the website of the Company at https://fivestargroup.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/ Appointment-Remuneration-Evaluation-Policy-April-28-2026-1.pdf
Whistle Blower Policy & Vigil Mechanism
As per the provisions of Section 177(9) of the Companies Act, 2013, and Regulation 22 of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, your Company has established a Vigil Mechanism and has adopted a Whistle Blower Policy for Directors and employees to report their genuine concerns. The Whistle Blower Policy has been formulated with a view to providing a mechanism for employees and Directors to approach the Audit Committee of the Company. The said policy is available on the website of the Company at https://fivestargroup.in/storage/2026/05/Whistle-Blower-Policy- Vigil-Mechanism-April-28-2026.pdf
The Vigil mechanism of the Company is overseen by the Audit Committee and provides adequate safeguard against victimization of employees and Directors and also provides direct access to the Chairperson of the Audit Committee in exceptional circumstances. During the financial year, no complaints were received by the Company and no complaints are outstanding as on March 31, 2026
Board & its Committees
During the financial year ended March 31, 2026, 6 (Six) Board Meetings were held on April 29, 2025, July 28, 2025, September 20, 2025, October 29, 2025, January 28, 2026, and March 17, 2026, and not more than 120 days elapsed between any two meetings.
The details of the composition of the Board and its Committees, terms of reference of the Committees and the details of meetings held during the financial year are furnished in the Corporate Governance Report.
Management Discussion and Analysis
The Management Discussion and Analysis (MDA) Report, providing a comprehensive overview of the Company's business performance, industry trends, opportunities and risks , is attached as Annexure C and forms an integral part of this report.
Corporate Governance
Your Company remains steadfast in its commitment to upholding the highest standards of Corporate Governance, ensuring adherence to all applicable laws and regulations. A detailed Corporate Governance report is enclosed as Annexure D and forms part of this report.
As required under Regulation 17 (8) of SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, the Managing Director and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) have submitted a compliance certificate to the Board, confirming the accuracy of financial statements and compliance with regulatory requirements.
Additionally, a Certificate from a Practicing Company Secretary, affirming the compliance with Corporate Governance norms under SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, is annexed to the Corporate Governance report.
Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting
As per Regulation 34(2)(f) of SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, the top 1,000 (one thousand) listed entities based on market capitalization shall attach a Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR) as part of their Annual Report, describing the environmental, social and governance initiatives undertaken by the listed entities.
In line with this regulation, your Company has put together a BRSR report (along with an Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) report) which outline the initiatives undertaken by your Company across these 3 key parameters. The BRSR report also forms part of this report as Annexure E.
The reasonable assurance certificate on BRSR core is applicable for the financial year 2026. Accordingly, the certificate issued by M/s SGS India Private Ltd, reasonable assurance provider forms part of the Business Responsibility and sustainability report.
Disclosures under POSH Act, 2013
The Company has in place a policy for Prevention of Sexual Harassment at the workplace in accordance with the Sexual Harassment of Women at the Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (POSH Act). This policy is available on the website of the Company at https://fivestargroup.in/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Policy-on- Prevention-of-Sexual-Harassment-April-28-2026.pdf
The Company has constituted Internal Complaints Committees (ICC) as mandated by the POSH Act to address and resolve any complaints related to workplace harassment.
During the financial year, no complaints were received and no outstanding complaints as on March 31, 2026.
Compliance affirmation on Maternity Benefit Act:
The Company is in full compliance with the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and is currently establishing creche facilities at the corporate office.
Particulars of Employees and Related Disclosures
In accordance with Section 197(12) of the Companies Act,
2013, read with Rule 5(1) of the Companies (Appointment and Remuneration of Managerial Personnel) Rules, 2014, disclosures related to the remuneration of Directors, Key Managerial Personnel and employees are provided in Annexure F of this report.
Further, details of employees as required in terms of Section 197 of the Act read with Rule 5(2) and Rule 5(3) of the Companies (Appointment and Remuneration of Managerial Personnel) Rules,
2014, are available for inspection at the Registered Office of the Company during working hours for a period of 21 days prior to the Annual General Meeting. In accordance with Section 136 of the Act read with the said Rule, this statement is not included in the Directors' Report sent to the shareholders. However, members interested in obtaining a copy may request for the same by e-mailing the Company secretary.
Investor Relations
Your Company remains committed to transparent communication and proactive engagement with investors, analysts and stakeholders. By fostering an open and informed dialogue, your Company ensures clarity and accessibility in financial and operational disclosures.
Key investor engagement initiatives include:
• Website Disclosures: All relevant investor-related information are promptly published on the Company's website to ensure easy and unrestricted access.
• Stock Exchange Notifications: Timely and proactive disclosures to stock exchanges regarding earnings calls, quarterly and annual financial results and material developments that could impact the value of securities.
• Investor and Analyst Meetings: The Company regularly discloses to stock exchanges details of scheduled interactions with investors and analysts who wish to engage with the management team of the Company.
Your Company strongly believes that informed investors contribute to a well-functioning capital market and remains dedicated to equipping stakeholders with the information needed to make sound investment decisions.
Directors' Responsibility Statement
The Board of Directors have instituted / put in place a framework of internal financial controls and compliance systems, which is reviewed by the management and the relevant Board Committees, including the Audit Committee and independently reviewed by the auditors.
Pursuant to Section 134(5) of the Companies Act, 2013, the Board of Directors, confirm that:
a. in the preparation of the annual accounts, the applicable accounting standards have been followed along with proper explanation relating to material departures;
b. the Directors have selected such accounting policies and applied them consistently and made judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent so as to give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company at the end of the financial year and of the profit of the Company for that period;
c. the Directors have taken proper and sufficient care for the maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions of this Act for safeguarding the assets of the Company and for preventing and detecting fraud and other irregularities;
d. the Directors have prepared the annual accounts on a going concern basis;
e. the Directors have laid down internal financial controls, which are adequate and operating effectively and
f. the Directors have devised proper systems to ensure compliance with the provisions of all applicable laws and that such systems were adequate and operating effectively.
Acknowledgement
Your Directors wish to thank the shareholders, customers, employees, bankers, non-bank lenders, mutual funds, financial institutions, debenture trustees, R&T agents, credit rating agencies and auditors for their co-operation and continued support to the Company. The Directors also thank the employees for their contribution during the financial year ended March 31, 2026.
For and on behalf of the board of Directors Lakshmipathy Deenadayalan
Place: Chennai Chairman & Managing Director
Date: April 28, 2026 DIN: 01723269
|